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W. W. Norton & Company : College Books

Doing Ethics

Contents

  • PART 1: FUNDAMENTALS
    • Chapter 1 Ethics and the Examined Life
      • The Ethical Landscape
      • The Elements of Ethics
        • [Box: Quick Review]
        • The Preeminence of Reason
        • The Universal Perspective
        • The Principle of Impartiality
        • The Dominance of Moral Norms
      • Religion and Morality
        • Believers Need Moral Reason
        • When Conflicts Arise, Ethics Steps In
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Ethics, Religion, and Tough Moral Issues]
        • Moral Philosophy Enables Productive Discourse
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
      • READINGS
      • What Is the Socratic Method?—Christopher Phillips
      • Euthyphro—Plato
      • Common-Sense Religion—Daniel C. Dennett
    • Chapter 2 Subjectivism, Relativism, and Emotivism
      • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Subjective Relativism
        • [Box: Judge Not?]
      • Cultural Relativism
        • [Box: Critical Thought—“Female Circumcision” and Cultural Relativism]
      • Emotivism
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
      • READINGS
      • Anthropology and the Abnormal [The Case for Moral Relativism]—Ruth Benedict
      • Trying Out One’s New Sword—Mary Midgley
  • PART 2: MORAL REASONING
    • Chapter 3 Evaluating Moral Arguments
      • Claims and Arguments
      • Arguments Good and Bad
        • [Box: Critical Thought—The Morality of Critical Thinking]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Implied Premises
      • Moral Statements and Arguments
      • Testing Moral Premises
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Assessing Nonmoral Premises
      • Avoiding Bad Arguments
        • Begging the Question
        • Equivocation
        • [Box: Appeal to Emotion]
        • Appeal to Authority
        • Slippery Slope
        • Faulty Analogy
        • Appeal to Ignorance
        • Straw Man
        • Appeal to the Person
        • Hasty Generalization
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
  • PART 3: THEORIES OF MORALITY
    • Chapter 4 The Power of Moral Theories
      • Theories of Right and Wrong
        • [Box: Moral Theories versus Moral Codes]
      • Major Theories
        • Consequentialist Theories
        • Nonconsequentialist Theories
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Evaluating Theories
        • Criterion 1: Consistency with Considered Judgments
        • [Box: Considered Moral Judgments]
        • Criterion 2: Consistency with Our Moral Judgments
        • [Box: Critical Thought—A 100 Percent All-Natural Theory]
        • Criterion 3: usefulness in Moral Problem Solving
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
    • Chapter 5 Consequentialist Theories: Maximize the Good
      • Ethical Egoism
        • Applying the Theory
        • Evaluating the Theory
        • [Box: Can Ethical Egoism Be Advocated?]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Utilitarianism
        • [Box: Peter Singer, Utilitarian]
        • Applying the Theory
        • [Box: Quick Review]
        • Evaluating the Theory
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Cross-Species Transplants: What Would a Utilitarian
        • Do?]
      • Learning from Utilitarianism
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
      • READINGS
      • Utilitarianism(Chapter 2)—John Stuart Mill
    • Chapter 6 Nonconsequentialist Theories: Do Your Duty
      • Kant’s Ethics
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Sizing Up the Golden Rule]
        • Applying the Theory
        • Evaluating the Theory
        • [Box: The Kantian View of Punishment]
      • Learning from Kant’s Theory
      • Natural Law Theory
        • [Box: Quick Review]
        • Applying the Theory
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Double Effect and the “Trolley Problem”]
        • Evaluating the Theory
      • Learning from Natural Law
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
      • READINGS
      • Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals—Immanuel Kant
      • The Summa Theologica—St. Thomas Aquinas
    • Chapter 7 Virtue Ethics: Be a Good Person
      • The Ethics of Virtue
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Learning Virtues in the Classroom]
        • Virtue in Action
        • Evaluating Virtue Ethics
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Warrior Virtues and Moral Disagreements]
      • The Ethics of Care
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Learning from Virtue Ethics
      • Summary
      • Exercises
        • Review Questions
        • Discussion Questions
      • READINGS
      • Nichomachean Ethics—Aristotle
      • The Need for More Than Justice—Annette C. Baier
  • PART 4: ETHICAL ISSUES
    • Chapter 8 Abortion
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Abortion in the United States: Facts and Figures]
        • [Box: Majority Opinion in Roe v. Wade]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Abortion and the Scriptures]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Late-Term Abortions]
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • A Defense of Abortion—Judith Jarvis Thomson
      • On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion—Mary Anne Warren
      • Why Abortion Is Immoral—Don Marquis
      • The Abortion Debate That Wasn’t—Wendy McElroy
    • Chapter 9 Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide
        • [Box: The Death of Karen Ann Quinlan]
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Landmark Court Rulings]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Dr. Kevorkian and Physician-Assisted Suicide]
      • Moral Arguments
        • [Box: Public Opinion and Euthanasia]
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • Active and Passive Euthanasia—James Rachels
      • The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia—J. Gay-Williams
      • Voluntary Active Euthanasia—Dan W. Brock
      • Is There a Duty to Die?—John Harding
    • Chapter 10 Capital Punishment
      • Issue File: Background
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Medicated for the Death Penalty]
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Executing the Innocent]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense—Ernest van den Haag
      • Justice, Civilization, and the Death Penalty: Answering van der Haag—Jeffrey H. Reiman
      • A Life for a Life—Igor Primoratz
      • Against the Death Penalty: The Minimal Invasion Argument—Hugo Adam Bedau
    • Chapter 11 Pornography and Censorship
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Critical Thought—The Limits of Free Speech]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • Attorney General’s Commission on Pornography: Final Report
      • Pornography, Civil Rights, and Speech—Catharine A. MacKinnon
      • Feminists against the First Amendment—Wendy Kaminer
      • A Feminist Defense of Pornography—Wendy McElroy
    • Chapter 12 Equality and Affirmative Action
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Are Legacies Racist?]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Are Whites-Only Scholarships Unjust?]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • Reverse Discrimination as Unjustified—Lisa H. Newton
      • Affirmative action and Fairness—Robert K. Fullinwider
      • The Case against Affirmative Action—Louis P. Pojman
      • Ten Myths About Affirmative Action—Scott Plous
    • Chapter 13 Human Values and the Environment
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Some Major Environmental Issues]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Should Pandas Pay the Price?]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • People or Penguins—William F. Baxter
      • The Ethics of Respect for Nature—Paul W. Taylor
      • Are All Species Equal?—David Schmidtz
    • Chapter 14 Animal Rights
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Should We Abolish Dog Racing?]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Should We Experiment on Orphaned Babies?]
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • All Animals Are Equal—Peter Singer
      • The Case for Animal Rights—Tom Regan
      • Difficulties within the Strong Rights Position—Mary Anne Warren
      • Drawing Lines—James Rachels
    • Chapter 15 Warfare
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Torturing Prisoners of War]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Preemptive War on Iraq]
      • Moral Arguments
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • Pacifism—Douglas P. Lackey
      • Reconciling Pacifists and Just War Theorists—James P. Sterba
      • Against “Realism”—Michael Walzer
      • Kant and Mill in Baghdad—John B. Judis
    • Chapter 16 Terrorism
      • Issue File: Background
        • [Box: Critical Thought—Terrorists or Freedom Fighters?]
      • Moral Theories
        • [Box: Quick Review]
      • Moral Arguments
      • Summary
      • READINGS
      • Terrorism: A Critique of Excuses—Michael Walzer
      • The Morality of Terrorism—Haig Khatchadourian
      • Terrorism and International Justice—James P. Sterba
      • Can Terrorism Be Morally Justified?—Stephen Nathanson
  • Appendix: Further Reading
  • Glossary
  • Index

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