Chapter 20: Big Business And Organized Labor
Chapter Outline
- The rise of big business
- Causes of business growth
- Labor shortage
- Technological innovation
- Increased productivity
- Standardization
- Entrepreneurs
- Government policies
- Agricultural production
- Second industrial revolution
- Interconnected national networks
- Transportation
- Communications
- Electric power
- Scientific research
- Railroads
- First big business
- Transcontinental railroad
- Pacific Railway Act
- Union Pacific
- Central Pacific
- Chinese labor
- Promontory, Utah
- Financing railroads
- Private companies
- Government aid
- Robber barons
- Manufacturing and inventions
- Patents
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Thomas Edison
- Battle of the currents
- Entrepreneurs
- John D. Rockefeller
- Background
- Cleveland oil business
- Standard Oil
- Vertical integration
- Trust
- Holding company
- Philanthropist
- Andrew Carnegie
- Background
- Iron and bridges
- Innovations in steel
- Public benefactor
- J. Pierpont Morgan
- Background
- Investment banker
- Railroads
- U.S. Steel Corporation
- Sears and Roebuck
- Retailing
- Sears, Roebuck and Company
- Sears catalog
- Labor conditions and organizations
- Circumstances for workers
- Wages and hours
- Child labor
- Outside the home
- Dangerous
- Lack of legal limitations
- Effects
- Obstacles to unions
- Molly Maguires
- Railroad strike of 1877
- Causes
- Scope and violence
- Effects
- Impact on California
- Efforts at union building
- National Labor Union
- Knights of Labor
- Early development
- Emphasis on reform and boycotts
- Anarchism
- Haymarket Affair
- Lasting influence of the Knights of Labor
- Development of the American Federation of Labor
- Development of craft unions
- Role of Samuel Gompers
- Growth of the union
- Violence in the 1890s
- Homestead Strike, 1892
- Pullman Strike, 1894
- Causes
- Role of the government
- Impact on Eugene V. Debs
- Socialism and American labor
- Daniel DeLeon and Eugene Debs
- Social Democratic party
- Early work
- Height of influence
- Rise of the IWW
- Sources of strength
- Revolutionary goals
- Causes of decline
- Effects of industrial revolution
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