Chapter 12: The Dynamics Of Growth
Chapter Outline
- National agriculture
- The importance of southern cotton
- Invention of the cotton gin
- Revolutionary impact of the cotton gin
- Effects on slavery
- Spurs westward migration
- Increases cotton exports
- The westward movement
- Nature of the movement
- Incentives to move west
- Soil exhaustion
- Improved plows
- Effects of new land laws
- Developments in transportation and communication
- Road improvements
- Water transportation
- Flatboats
- Steamboats
- Canals
- Railroads
- Mania for railroads
- Problems with rail transport
- Advantages of rail transport
- Effects of railroad growth
- Ocean transport
- Transatlantic packet service
- The brief era of clipper ships
- Government involvement in transportation improvement
- Communications revolution
- Telegraph
- Mail “express”
- Industrial revolution
- Impact of technology
- Textile manufacturing
- Early handicraft system
- Basis of British lead
- Early American textile factories
- Technological improvements
- McCormick reaper
- Vulcanizing rubber
- Telegraph
- Widespread impact of other technological changes
- The Lowell factory system
- Basic features of the system
- Importance of paternal supervision of female workers
- Spread and transformation of the system
- Contrasts of the family system
- Ecological impact
- Textile mills on rivers
- Water rights
- Nature reshaped
- Growth of cities
- Popular culture
- Urban recreation
- Drinking
- Lectures and racing
- Blood sports
- Theater
- Minstrel shows
- Immigration
- The need for labor
- Increases in immigration
- The Irish immigration
- Reasons for emigrating
- Growth of Irish immigration
- Background and demography
- Areas of settlement
- Level of misery
- Irish success stories
- Strong anti-Irish attitudes
- Irish political involvement
- Linkage to the Catholic church
- German immigration
- Periods of high immigration
- Background and method of immigration
- German success stories
- Other groups
- British and Scandinavian immigrants
- Immigration from China
- Nativist reaction to immigration
- Causes of antagonism to immigrants
- Evidences of nativist activity
- Rise of the Know-Nothing party
- Immigrant makeup of the labor force
- Work, organized labor, and the professions
- Skilled work in Revolutionary era
- Hierarchy of guild system
- Daily routine
- Trade associations
- Use of slaves
- Organized labor
- Skilled workers
- Early labor unions
- Impact of the Massachusetts decision Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)
- Involvement of labor in politics
- Nature of Working Men’s parties
- Evolution into Locofocos or Equal Rights party
- Impact of labor parties on politics
- Rise of professions
- Specialized knowledge and skills
- Diversified workforce
- Reading revolution
- Specific professions
- Teaching
- The law
- Medicine
- Engineering
- Women
- Nursing and teaching
- Religious and benevolent work
- Social stratification in the Jacksonian era
- Evidence of widening gap between rich and poor
- Probing waves and causes of social stratification
- American white population compared with Europe’s
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