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  1. The defeat of the Muslims at Tours, France, in 732 is the subject of the Song of Roland, covered in "The Formation of a Western Literature" (see pages 1702–1767 in volume B).
  2. One possible source for the chain-tale format of the Thousand and One Nights is Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara (Sanskrit), covered in "India's Classical Age" (see pages 1342–1352 in volume B).
  3. The Thousand and One Nights was a source for European chain-tales such as Boccaccio's the Decameron (Italian), Marguerite de Navarre's the Heptameron (French), and Chaucer's English-language the Canterbury Tales (see pages 1963–1991 and 2045–2119 in volume B and pages 2564–2591 in volume C).
 
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